If
Java Conditions and If Statements
As you are already aware, Java offers the standard mathematical logical conditions:
- Less than: a < b
- Less than or equal to: a <= b
- Greater than: a > b
- Greater than or equal to: a >= b
- Equal to a == b
- Not Equal to: a != b
These circumstances can be used to carry out various actions for various choices.
In Java, conditional statements look like this:
- Use if to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is true
- Use else to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is false
- Use else if to specify a new condition to test, if the first condition is false
- Use switch to specify many alternative blocks of code to be executed
The if Statement
Use the if statement to specify a block of Java code to be executed if a condition is true.
Syntax
if (condition) {
// block of code to be executed if the condition is true
}
Keep in mind that if is written in lowercase. If or IF in uppercase will result in an error.
In the example below, we test two values to find out if 20 is greater than 18. If the condition is true, print some text:
Example
if (20 > 18) {
System.out.println("20 is greater than 18");
}
Additionally, we can test the following variables:
Example
int x = 20;
int y = 18;
if (x > y) {
System.out.println("x is greater than y");
}
Example explained
In the example above, we use the > operator to test whether x is greater than y using two variables, y and x. We print “x is greater than y” on the screen since x is 20 and y is 18, and we know that 20 is greater than 18.
